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Top-Down (Macro)
• Analogous estimating
• Parametric estimating
• Learning curves
• Function point
analysis
Top-Down (Macro)
Analogous estimating
Analogous estimating involves comparing a
proposed project to a similar past project to
estimate the duration or cost
Top-Down (Macro)
Analogous estimating
Top-Down (Macro)
Analogous estimating
Top-Down (Macro)
Analogous estimating
Top-Down (Macro)
Parametric estimating
Parametric estimating involves calculating our
estimates based on industry benchmarks.
Top-Down (Macro)
Parametric estimating
2500 ft2 costs $100,000
or $40 per ft2
Top-Down (Macro)
Parametric estimating
Estimate for a 2000 ft2 House:
$40.00 per ft2 X 2000 = $80,000
Top-Down (Macro)
http://www.reedconstructiondata.com/
Top-Down (Macro)
Learning Curves
The more times a task has been performed, the
less time will be required on each subsequent
iteration.
Learning Curves
TimetoComplete
0
25
50
75
100
Number of Units Produced
100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Top-Down (Macro)
Top-Down (Macro)
Function Point Analysis
A function point is the amount of functionality
of an information system (as a product).
Function points measure software size.
Function Point Analysis
Data Functions
Internal Logical Files
External Interface Files
Transactional Functions
External Inputs
External Outputs
External Inquiries
Top-Down (Macro)
Function Point Analysis
Category Number Complexity Sub-Total
EI 3 3 9
EO 4 7 28
EQ 2 4 8
ILF 5 7 35
TOTAL 80
If one function point is an equivalent of
eight hours of work in C++ language, then
our project will take (80*8)=640 hours
Top-Down (Macro)
Time and Resource Estimation
Top-Down (Macro)
Activity
A
Activity
B
Activity
C
Activity
D
Activity
E
Activity
F
Bottom-up (Micro)

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Top-Down Time Estimation in Project Management.